Examining the Lower Colon
A sigmoidoscopy is a procedure that allows your gastroenterologist to examine the lower part of the large intestine, including the rectum and sigmoid colon. It is often used to investigate symptoms, follow up on abnormal findings, or screen for certain types of colorectal disease. While a colonoscopy examines the entire colon, a sigmoidoscopy focuses on the lower section.
Sigmoidoscopy
How a Sigmoidoscopy Works
Your doctor uses a short, thin, flexible tube with a light and camera on the end (a flexible sigmoidoscope). This instrument sends live images to a monitor, allowing your doctor to closely inspect the lining of your rectum and sigmoid colon. Small tissue samples (biopsies) can be taken, and some treatments may be performed during the same procedure.
What to Expect Before, During, and After
Before Your Procedure
Preparation for a sigmoidoscopy is usually simpler than for a colonoscopy and may involve a clear liquid diet and enemas to clear the lower bowel.
During Your Procedure
Most patients receive minimal sedation or none at all, and the test is typically shorter than a colonoscopy, often lasting 15–20 minutes. You may feel some cramping or pressure, but discomfort is usually minimal.
After Your Procedure
You can usually return to normal activities right away unless sedation is used. Our team will explain the findings and next steps before you leave.
Conditions Commonly Diagnosed or Monitored with Sigmoidoscopy
Rectal Polyps
Benign growths in the rectum or lower colon that can sometimes develop into cancer.
Ulcerative Colitis (Limited to Lower Colon)
Inflammation and sores in the lining of the rectum and sigmoid colon.
Hemorrhoids (Internal)
Swollen veins in the lower rectum that cause bleeding and discomfort.
Proctitis
Inflammation of the rectum, which can be caused by infections, inflammatory bowel disease, or radiation therapy, can cause.
Colorectal Cancer (Lower Colon)
Cancer detected in the rectum or sigmoid colon.
Rectal Bleeding
Bleeding from the lower colon or rectum may be linked to hemorrhoids, polyps, or cancer.
Anal Fissures or Other Rectal Abnormalities
Small tears or structural changes causing pain and bleeding.
Follow-Up on Abnormal Colonoscopy Findings
Used when a targeted re-examination of the lower colon is needed.
Why Choose Rowan Endoscopy Center for Your Sigmoidoscopy
Our team takes pride in delivering thorough, efficient, and compassionate care. Whether you’re here for screening or symptom evaluation, we ensure you feel informed, supported, and confident in your care plan.